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Can Chewing Gum Improve Your Memory?
A group of UK psychologists has claimed that chewing gum may be able to improve memory, and they have found that those who chewed gum throughout tests of short term and long term memory performed significantly better than those who did not. Gum chewing, however, did not produce better memory linked reaction times, which are used to measure attention.
Andrew Scholey of the University of Northumbria in Newcastle, UK announced “these results provide the first evidence that chewing gum can improve long term and working memory.” He went on to state that “there are a number of potential explanations, but they are all very speculative.”
In the test, a third of the 75 adults in the test chewed gum while they participated in the 20 minute battery of attention and memory tests. Another third pretended to chew gum, while the remaining third did not chew.
The test scores of the gum chewers were some 24% higher than the control group for tests of immediate word recall, and some 36% higher on tests of delayed word recall. The gum chewers were also more accurate on tests involving special working memory.
There are a number of potential explanations for this disparity. For instance, in March of 2000, a group of Japanese researchers showed how activity in the hippocampus, the area of the brain involved in memory, increases as people chew gum, although scientists are not sure why this would occur.
Recent studies have also found that the insulin receptors in the hippocampus may be involved in the creation of memories, and thus gum chewing, which causes the release of insulin, may help in the formation of these memories.
There could, however, be a much simpler explanation. During the test, researchers found that gum chewing raised the heart rate of the participants. This increased heart rate would have resulted in increased delivery of oxygen to the brain, and the increased memory performance could have resulted from those increased oxygen levels.
No matter what the explanation, however, this study is fascinating, and the results achieved certainly warrant further investigation. Even if chewing gum cannot improve long term memory, it is still a lot of fun to chew, and if memory enhancement can result so much the better. The relationship between chewing gum and memory performance is complex and fascinating, and chances are many additional studies will be done to further explore this interesting relationship.
